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For a plane monochromatic wave diffracted by a transmission grating with a finite aperture and observed through a lens, calculates the width of the diffracted wave in the focal plane and the theoretical resolvance as functions of the wavelength, the angle of incidence, the grating pitch, the diffraction order, the wave diameter and the focal length.It is supposed that the axis of the lens is paralllel to the diffracted wave. Therefore, the diffracted wave is focused on the focal point of the lens.